Qatar-mediated talks between Kinshasa and AFC/M23: declaration of principles (Jul 2025) and Doha Framework Agreement (15 Nov 2025), never respected on the ground. By mid-2026 only two of eight implementation protocols were signed (IPIS). It does not oblige M23 to disarm (Critical Threats). The AFC’s replacement by the Kabila-led FRN (Oct 2026) puts the format in question.